Ingls Bsico - Usos de Like en Ingls

Like puede ser usado como verbo o como preposicià ³n. Existen diversas preguntas comunes con like que son fà ¡ciles de confundir. Whats he like? - What †¦ like? es usado para preguntar sobre el carà ¡cter de una persona u objeto y es de naturaleza general. What does he like? - Este uso del verbo Like es para preferencias generales. Like como verbo es generalmente seguido por la forma ing del verbo (I like playing tennis). What does she look like? - Like es usado como preposicià ³n para expresarse sobre una apariencia fà ­sica. En este caso, like tambià ©n puede significar similar to si està ¡ haciendo comparaciones con otras personas. What would you like to drink? - Otro uso comà ºn de like es un would like para expresar deseos. Note que would like es seguido por la forma en infinitivo del verbo y no por la forma -ing. Pruebe su conocimiento con esta breve prueba.

A Nation s Economy Issues As A Whole - 1095 Words

ra Balic 62-35 81 Street Middle Village, NY 11379 15 December 2014 Representative Grace Meng 118-35 Queens Boulevard Suite 1610 Forest Hills, NY 11375 Phone: 718-445-7861 Dear Representative Grace Meng: The purpose of this letter is to briefly introduce our nation’s economy issues as a whole. I am asking for you to make revisions to the federal law to improve the conditions necessary for economic growth and job creation. Despite job gains, a strong stock market, and faster economic growth this year, many citizens are still concerned about the economy. This new policy I am asking you to enforce clarifies the Government’s views on the importance of economic growth through promoting development and condensing poverty. America can†¦show more content†¦However, Americans are seeing their purchasing power rise while jobs come back thanks to falling oil prices. I believe that, yes unemployment continues to decline as long as you carefully ignore the calculation of millions of people who are in fact still unemployed. The fact that millions of people have given up all hope of finding employment and are no longer seeking, and that millions more are stuck in benefit-les s part-time jobs is no reason for Obama to be celebrating and expecting us to blindly celebrate along with him. The republicans need to continue to expose Obama s failed economic policies. Even with republican control of congress, Obama still has power to further damage the economy during his remaining time in office. 214,000 jobs are better than nothing but it is not an indication of the vigorous growth that this country desperately needs. Research shows that rising the number of workers in the economy helps increase growth. This would attract more professionals from other countries (i.e. doctors, engineers, scientists) who demand higher pay and have more money to spend. An example of why the US should change their actions toward immigration is from Holtz-Eakin: â€Å"We’ve never used it as a tool of economic policy,† Holtz-Eakin (former head of the Congressional Budget Office) said. â€Å"We can and should. If visas were increased for highly skilled foreigners and

Alice in Chains †Dirt free essay sample

To make an even better second album and not fall victim to peoples expectations (ay, theres the rub) – that is the commandment that every band must have in mind when recording a second album, especially if they want a successful follow-up to a smashing debut. In 1991, after Nirvanas â€Å"Nevermind† and Pearl Jams â€Å"Ten,† the bar was miles high. But in September 1992 Alice in Chains released their follow-up album to â€Å"Facelift,† called simply, â€Å"Dirt.† With it, the band officially became one of the best groups ever to emerge from the Seattle music scene. For the first time, Alice in Chains was considered to be, along with Nirvana and Pearl Jam, part of the grunge movement. Like its predecessor, â€Å"Dirt† is just plain darkness. Alice in Chains reaffirms its rightful place as the darkest band of the ?s. This time, the darkness is related to the lives of the band members. We will write a custom essay sample on Alice in Chains – Dirt or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page â€Å"Dirt† is a frightening and almost sickeningly personal view of the world of drugs that will leave the listener thinking maybe â€Å"Trainspotting† isnt that funny anymore. The first track, â€Å"Them Bones,† beats the hell out of your skull for two and a half minutes, giving you a taste of whats to come. The album is perfect from beginning to end. â€Å"Down in a Hole† grips you with Layne Staley and Jerry Cantrells melancholic vocals: â€Å"Bury me softly in this womb/ I give this part of me for you/ Sand rains down and here I sit/ Holding rare flowers/ in a tomb †¦ in bloom.† â€Å"Rooster† is an instant classic about Cantrells fathers experience in Vietnam. This song is a breakthrough for Staley, ranging from slow and deep verses to a blasting chorus alongside Cantrell. Finally comes the song that makes this album the greatest, â€Å"Would?† Cantrell and Staley again affirm themselves as one of musics greatest duos since Paul McCartney and John Lennon, vocally and musically. The lyrics are simply a masterpiece, with Staley and Cantrell confirming that we can still feel with music (â€Å"So I made a big mistake/ Try to see it once my way†) and that songwriting is still important in the music industry, that not all of it is about blundering guitar riffs and yelling blond gods. â€Å"Dirt† is all about the consequences of drug addiction and the damage it can cause. How ironic, then, that Staley and bassist Mike Starr would both tragically succumb to their addictions in the years that followed, tearing this super group apart. Perhaps, in retrospect, that is what makes this album so heart-wrenching.

Drawing a Map in Photoshop Essay Example For Students

Drawing a Map in Photoshop Essay Get the proportions Of landmass to ocean roughly in your mind (our earth is water, think) and take some measurements if you want to by using a piece of string then holding he string up to a ruler. For this tutorial Im going to do a small continent (2000 X 2000). 1. To get maximum detail set my resolution way up there at 300-600. The size of the image will give us 1 pixel 1 mile thus 2000 miles high and wide and the resolution is only for print purposes. Could do this at 100 dip but if I printed the map it would be larger and then most printers cannot handle much beyond 300 dip so if you intend to print your map then go with 300 dip. If your system cannot handle these dimensions without chugging its guts out then cut the size in half, this will give you 1 pixel = 2 miles, still not too shabby, eh? Four system can handle this then try a higher image size, this will give you 1 pixel = h mile, or mile or whatever. Or try doing a full earth (the earth is roughly 25,000 miles in circumference around the equator and slightly less from pole to pole so it wouldnt roll very well due to this beer-belly hut for simplicitys sake I use 12,500 so use 25,XX 12,500). This image size really makes my PC chug so I just make a bunch of continents and at the end make one big composition, 2. Background information: look at some topography maps or Google earth maps of mountain ranges, swamps, beaches, deserts, rivers, lakes, forests, canyons, arctic poles, or any other geologic phenomena you want in your map so that you have an idea of what to shoot for (take a look at those volcanoes in Hawaii). Personally, use Flasher. Mom because the Google maps are too distorted, splotchy, and incomplete and it takes up a huge amount Of memory on my computer. 3. Initial thoughts: cold near the poles, hot around the equator so I plan to eventually have a gradient from White at top to gray to brownish (tundra) to ochre-green (plains) to green to dark green (tropics) to pale yellow-orange (deserts). You could put your poles around the equator if your planet is tilted ever on its side but deviations too far from earth-like are too hard to wrap your brain around, even fo r fantasy His is true for sunrise as well and what most people dont realize is that by putting in more than one moon the tides get totally messed up as well as how long a day is and a year (without our single moon our days would he much shorter and our year so the life forms on our planet would be totally different). 4 So lets get to work then Foreground black, background white, Filter > render > clouds. 5. [pick 6. Duplicate this layer. 7. Create a new layer and Edit > fill = gray. Set the layers mode to hard mix ND change the name to base. 8. The hard mix will change the look of things to straight black and white with no grays. Click back on the background copy layer and grab a large brush (not pencil) with an opacity of 10%. I use the various big airbrushes. With white I brush in extra land and with black I brush in extra water. What you van to keep in mind is that we do not want any land near any edge Of the screen by at least 50-100 pixels. Land that goes Off the side Will never get completed since the clouds layer doesnt extend beyond the edge so if we were to make a new image With new clouds they would never line up (unless you eve certain third party plug-ins that make tile-able clouds). If you want icecaps across the top or bottom then that is fine but make sure to leave 50-100 pixels between the icecap and major landmasses. If you have some islands somewhere you dont want them use the black, if you want to put some in then use the white. Another thing to keep in mind is to not have the islands and such create a square of landmasses so be sure to try to make things random and irregular. Lastly, cover up some lakes since at this scale not too many would really be visible But that is pure preference. When happy, copy the background copy are, click on the base layer and merge down. . 10. Select > Color range black. Set the dizziness slider up to 200. Create a new layer, Select > Modify > Expand = l, use the paint bucket tool to fill in the selection of the ocean. Deselect then merge down. What this step does is to remove a whole boatload of extraneous white pixels around our landmasses that can be very tedious and time consuming to paint over. However, it also puts s ome regularity and blockings into our coasts so lets fix that. I l. Filter> Pixel > Crystallize = 6. Filter > Pixel > Crystallize = 3. Images Adjustments Brightness/Contrast = set the contrast up to OIC. Now our coasts are all irregular again. 12. Next zoom in to at least 200% and start checking our coastlines and islands to make sure that there are not any lakes too close to the ocean because natural erosion would have taken care of this and moved the ocean in to fill this area creating a bay. Use a S pixel hard round pencil and blot out the lakes and Evoke the coast but avoid over-tweaking the coast or else you will lose bays and harbors and hooks (like Massachusetts) and boot-heels (like Italy). Else White to add land and black to add water. What do is zoom to 200 or 300% and start in the top left corner and scan across, making tweaks as I go, and when get to the other side move down and scan back across until have reached the bottom. Also look for long straight lines or large right angles and round these off. Be careful to make sure you leave a few large lakes and dont cover over all of the little lakes, especially if you want some place like Minnesota land of 10,000 lakes. Where you know there Will be desert or plains then go ahead and cover these areas pretty well but not completely since lakes in the desert will act as oases ND all lakes visible at this resolution are at least I mile so there will likely be a village to some sort nearby (it youre using some other resolution then use your judgment), This process can take a while but if youre going to do it, you might as well do it right This is also the time to add any unique features like a skull island or an island in a lake for which to place a magnificent castle. Dont do any major terra forming but instead tweak what is already there. 13. Copy this layer (base copy) then go back and fill in all of the lakes. 14 Select > color range (use black tit fuzziness 200), hit delete, then deselect and hide the layer. Click on the base layer and repeat then hide the base layer as well. IS. Click on the Background copy layer and rename it to ocean. 16. Copy this layer then rename the new layer to reef. 17. Filter> render > difference clouds. Repeat. 18. Copy the layer and rename it wills. 19. Copy the hills layer and rename it to mountains. 20 21. You may think that now is the time to add any canyons, escarpments, meteor craters, volcanoes, or Other such phenomena but do not. Do these things on other layers so Ill cover this in a separate mini tutorial or outlet as all it. If youve run through this tutorial numerous times and are comfortable with then go ahead and feel free to experiment. Use small pencils for cracks and canyons and small brushes for adding erosion in the mountains. 22. Filter render lighting effects, What we have is one large spotlight covering the whole image coming in from the lower right (in the northern hemisphere the sun passes somewhat to the south His is important to my main job as a stained glass artist so we need to know where the sun is in relation to a window). Settings are: intensity 25, focus 100, gloss -100, material 100, exposure O, ambiance 8, texture channel is red, white is high is checked, and height is set to 100. 23. Epic] 24. Life set the intensity, exposure, or ambiance too high everyth ing becomes brighter and therefore higher and looks more like a plateau and if we set them too low our mountains become more like hills. Here is what we have. 25. 26. Lets do the hills now so hide the mountains layer and click on the hills layer. Filter > noise > add noise = 5%, Gaussian, monochromatic. We are going to run a lighting effects filter in the next step and this added noise will give us lots and tots of little hills (in French little hills translates to petite cotes or something like that ? Im a ill rusty on my French but this is where we get the word petticoat). 27. Next we are going to do another lighting effects but for some reason Photos randomly breaks during lighting effects so save your document now Just in case. 8. Filter > renders lighting effects. What we have here are 5 Omni lights, one in the center and one in each corner, the settings are the same for all: intensity 6, gloss -100, material 100, exposure O, ambiance 8, texture channel is red, white is high is checked and height is 100. This gives our land a little bumpiness and looks like any other realistic stone tutorial out there. 29. [pick 30. Hide the hills layer and c lick on the ocean layer. Copy it and then rename the new layer to land. Move the land layer up to just below the hills layer and then hit CTR-f. This runs the same lighting effects filter as in step 27. 31. Hide the land layer and click on the reef layer, Hit CTR-foot run the same lighting effects then click on the land layer. 32. Control-click on the base layer (in the layer palette) then Select > Inverse then hit delete then deselect. We now have our main landmasses all textured up and ready to live. NOTE: using Photos CSS and later versions youll have to CTR-click on the thumbnail image in the layer palette rather than just the layer itself so remember this for later on. B 33. So lets bring this world to life. Add a layer style, this consists of a gradient overlay reversed, mode is hard light, opacity is 100%, style is linear aligned with layer, angle is 90, scale is 100% The colors in the gradient are as follows: Color I at is pure white PAYOFF (rug 255, 255, 255), color 2 at is a green ochre AAA (art 85, 90, 65), color 3 at is a darker green ochre 293415 (art 41, 52, 21), lour 4 at 55% is a dark green 242810 (rug 36, 40, 16), color 5 at 65% is a darker green COCCYX (rug 18, 28, 3), color 6 at 70% is a very dark green ? IDIOTIC (rug 13, 21, 1), color 7 at is a sage green 383817 (rug 56, 59, 23), color 8 at is a light taupe Dacron (rug 218, 192, 148) and color 9 at Did% is a creamy FOE (rug 240, 230, 190). There is also an outer glow: mode is screen, opacity is 25%, noise is C, color is light blue chug (rug 64, 200, 255), technique is softer, spread is O, size is 35, contour is normal (linear), range is 50%, jitter is O. Much better now, eh? 34. 7. Here is what have so far. 38. 39. If you want your desert at the top (when doing a southern hemisphere continent), then nucleic the reverse on the gradient on the land layer. Pay no attention to that blue ring it will be useful later but for now lets give our whales a place to swim. 40. Click on the ocean layer and hide the ret layer. Image > adjustments > gradient map. Color I at is a dark bluish-teal ? COCOAS (rug O, 10, 50), color 2 at is a grayish blue-teal 32528C (rug 50, 82, 140), color 3 at is a grayish teal IF-OFF (rug 79, 128, 159), and color 4 at is an aqua CODED (rug 128, 188, 205). Depending on your monitors gamma, white point or color setup these colors might seem awkward 50 change them to suit yourself, What we see here is pretty cool. Thats why we paid no attention to that blue ring in the previous step, it gives us a hint of shallow sea around the land. 41. 42. Control-click on the base layer. Selects modify > expand = 40. Selects feather = 40. Select > inverse. Create a new layer and change the foreground color to a dark blue, use IOWA (rug O, 10, 50). Fill, deselect, and rename the layer to cover. Demonstration Lesson Plan in Drawing EssayThis step combines with our mountains hard light mode and color overlay to really put more into Mirror or gives USA place to put the Draw. This step also tends to mess up the desert mountains so I erase there. Set the layer at 33% opacity. Lastly, add a layer style of bevel/emboss: emboss, chisel soft, up, size of 3, highlight mode is color dodge at opacity, and shadow mode is color burn at opacity. 61. It youre happy so tar, its now time to erase on the hills layer. Usually just follow the same process as in the previous step but this time do the expansion 3 times. This results in small hills graduating into big hills, which then grow into mountains. Our land layer did get a lighting effects filter so it should have some suture as well. Now this looks much more natural with crunch than without. You might want to play around with the layer blending mode, opacity, or layer styles on the crunch layer. 62. [pick 63, Now were going to add in a continental shelf to tweak our green reefs. Click on the reef layer and copy it. Rename it to shelf, set the blend mode back to normal and change the opacity to 100%. Image > adjustments > desperate. Change the mode to color dodge and the opacity to 80%. Control-click on the base copy layer and select > modify > expand = 10 then select > feather = 10. Select inverse then delete and deselect. This lightens up the heavy greenish feel Of the reef but for those Who feel the need to micromanage you can go and erase on the reef layer with small brushes. If you like you can add a layer style of bevel/emboss With either an emboss or outer bevel that is set to chisel soft This will give you that sloping edge that you commonly see in some topographical maps but in order to get that then make sure to not feather before deleting. I dont use the bevel but I have experimented with and got some fairly decent results but nothing that knocked my socks off. 64. 65. My skull lake in the desert looks kind of dark so lets fix that. Click on the lakes layer and create a new layer and rename it to Oh lake adjust. Control- click on the base layer, then use the eyedropper tool to pick up some color from around our reefs and airbrush some lighter color that makes the desert lake look more suitable. This should also be done in permafrost areas. 66, Next we need to rough up our ocean a bit so copy the background layer and rename it to waves, Move it to the very top of the stack and reset the colors to black and white. Filter > sketch bas-relief as before. Select > color range = black with a fuzziness of 1 75 then delete and deselect. Control-click on the base copy layer then select > modify > expand = 20, select > feather = 20, delete and deselect. Set the fill to 0% and add a layer style of color overlay off dark teal color code 001420 (rug O, 20, 32). This gives us a hint of waves and a bit of greenish tint to the oceans. Lastly, move this layer directly under the land layer _ 67. 68. We can call this done for now if we want and start putting in other things like borders and cities. If youre going to forego the rivers then skip ahead to Step 80. The reason we leave the base layer is so that when we start drawing borders, e dont want to draw them into the sea or cover up lakes so we can always CTR- click on the base layer to load its selection. 69. Layoffs going on with rivers let me warn hay. They are a huge, major, colossal pain in the buttock region. 70. Try to avoid the urge to start putting in every river as will often put in way too many and this will take hours upon hours. Keep in mind our image size/scale here of 1 pixel = 1 mile. Most rivers would not even be visible (like 99% of them), Only a handful of our rivers would be seen (Amazon, Nile, Mississippi, Yanking). Notice anything about these? One per continent roughly. You may think that meeting like the Danube or the Missouri would be seen but I live in SST. Louis and the Missouri is only about mile wide thus not visible at this resolution. As tort most to the European rivers, cant really tell trot the pictures Eve seen but accounting for the scale of buildings most seem about as wide as the Missouri. Of course the Amazon is about 3 miles wide near the delta but the rest of it isnt nearly as wide, Then again, floods happen and its your world so do what you like but remember if you have a 5 mile wide river (5 pixels) then its branches are going to be big as well, like 3 miles, and further branches are going to be I mile o you will end up laying in rivers for days and days (trust me Ive been there). 71 If you absolutely want some rivers, heres how we do it. First, click on the mountains layer then control-click the base layer (this will keep us from drawing out into the ocean), make a new layer and rename it Use a fat pencil (that you can see when zoomed out) to layout some basic shapes while trying to follow the lay Of the land. Else our same dark teal OIC 920 (rug O, 25, 32). Gore this tutorial am just going to do one river system as I dont want to sit here for the next few hours drawing squiggly lines. 72. 73. Create a new layer and rename it to rivers, then use a tiny pencil of 1 pixel (since I pixel = I mile you only need major rivers and make sure the brush tip spacing is set as low as possible Its on the brushes tab in the first subsume there) and zoom in to 200 or 300%. When you start drawing, hide the layout layer so it doesnt block your view and unhidden it if you get lost (erase the layout river as you go along), try to follow the darker areas since these are lower and more lush. If you want to make your job here easier then mark out some continental divides that will force rivers on the east to all empty into an eastern sea (for example). Start with the longest river first since other rivers will feed into it and use some logic to figure out which rivers belong tied to the main river and which rivers belong on their own with their own tributaries, start with the delta and work upstream a ways then switch to the mountains and work downstream a ways eventually tying them together, dont add too many tributaries up near the mountains, since were working with 1 pixel = 1 mile most tributaries wouldnt be visible as theyre usually just streams and creeks and such feeding down to the plains where they merge to form larger and larger branches. Also try to tie in some of the lakes, especially the large ones. 4_ Try to follow the lay of the land because all of those awesome hills will have rivers flow between them and not over them, try to think of the path of least resistance cue thats What water does from high to low. Try to make the rivers meander a lot (think snake-like as straight rivers dont look real, the closer you zoom in the better it Will kick but the longer it will take), put at least a fork or 2 in the river, if you want something like the Amazon use a 2 or 3 pixel pencil from the delta up to the first fork, veers generally flow toward the equator due to the earths spin but there are exceptions, just dont arena too many exceptions unless the coast is close, add deltas and swamp waters. 5. [pick 76. Hey, well headway know, it sorts looks like my home town right there where all those rivers meet (he he) with a big river that flows into a swampy delta just waiting for a hurricane. When finally done, delete the layout layer. 77. To make the rivers pop and blend in with the ocean along the continental shelf and lakes, zoom in and use the eyedropper to pick up a color along the shelf, use large airbrush with a flow of 100%, then control-click on the rivers layer. Make a new layer named deltas then single click to spray the area around where the river and ocean meet and do this around lakes and such too. Deselect when done. If you dont like the color of your rivers then apply a layer style of color overlay, gradient overlay, or change the blending options, 78, [pick 79. If you want some additional lakes then grab one of your favorite cloud brushes but make sure you are in pencil mode and use the dark teal and make a new layer and rename it more lakes. Make a click and you have a lake but now o have to change to a new clouds brush for a new lake or else they all look the same. If you dont have any clouds brushes then use the 1 pixel pencil and sketch some in by hand. 80 As much as burned you about avoiding rivers this next warning is ten times more important. DO NOT try to put in some lush river valleys! Hue yet to find a way to do this that isnt absolutely hideous or absolutely invisible. You can try playing with an outer glow, a drop shadow, a gradient stroke, bevel and emboss, an airbrush, stroking a path, Gaussian blurring, blending modes, or anything else. The bottom line is this: what looks DOD at 100% zoom looks like a giant gash when zoomed out and What looks good zoomed out is invisible at 100% zoom. This why I told you to follow the lay of the land and go through dark areas. The problem with layer styles is that they go out into the ocean as well. 81. If you forgot to add volcanoes or canyons or the like you can always delete everything between the land layer and the base layer and start over by copying the background and putting it above the land layer and repeating the necessary steps. Yes, you do have to redo the rivers and lakes and deltas because when we render the difference clouds the mountains ill be in new places (remember what I said about not putting in rivers? ). The other option is to create a new document of any size but with the same resolution, make your fancy geology (clouds, noise, difference clouds, difference clouds, airbrush tweaks, delete the black colors), render the lighting effects, cut it out and then paste above the mountains layer, erase or smudge any sharp edges, then merge it down onto the mountains layer. This is also handy if your mountain ranges look kind of skinny and wimpy, we make more mountains and paste me in and therefore bulk up our ranges. 82. As far as beaches are unconcerned, dont try to put me in, it just outlines everything and since 1 pixel = I mile any beach would be at least I mile wide which is freaking huge, seriously, if you have never been to a beach the largest I have seen are a few hundred yards at most at low tide, this is Why we have the continental shelf (to hint at beaches); if you are doing something where the scale of 1 pixel = 10 feet then it might be Okay but at a scale Of I pixel = 100 feet you get back to that outlined kick again, not to mention that you have to either erase the beaches up in the cold areas or apply a gradient overlay of brown or gray. 3. For those of a mind to do some last minute terra forming by putting islands into the lakes, use the 1 pixel pencil on the land layer. 84.

5 LinkedIn Profile Tips to Get You the Job

5 LinkedIn Profile Tips to Get You the Job It’s not a question of whether the hiring manager will look you up on LinkedIn; it is a question of when. If you’re job searching, you have no excuse not to make the absolute best of your online presence. And be proactive. You never know when a potential employer is going to check your profile. Make sure you’re ready to make your best possible first impression. That means no spelling or grammatical mistakes. It also means making sure you’ve taken the following 5 steps.1. You need a summaryIt’s perhaps the most daunting part of the profile, but it’s unfortunately a must. Don’t let your profile look amateur or incomplete. Suck it up and summarize. The upside is you’ll be able to set a tone and shape how your potential employer reads the rest of your materials.2. Maximize the space you haveUse as many of those 2,000 characters as you can. Any space leftover is space wasted unless you squeeze in a few more important keywords. Beef u p your Headline, Specialties section, Job Titles, and Summary with as many hard-hitting keywords as you can.3.  Tell a story with your profileMake yourself the candidate they want to root for. Everybody likes a story, after all. Turn yourself into the most compelling and likeable candidate you can with the tools available to you. Provide much needed context to your bulleted experience list. Endear yourself to hiring managers with tales of how you overcame a challenge, or worked with a team to solve a problem. Be a politician on the stump and watch the votes pour in.4. Make it easy on the eyesTry to avoid huge blocks of text, especially in your summary. Recognize that recruiters are very busy and often don’t have more than a few minutes- even seconds- to spend poring over your materials. Make the information flow in easily identifiable chunks with subheadings and titles and small paragraphs that are easy to digest. They’ll take in more information without feeling taxe d. More points for you!5. Be out in the openNever make a prospective employer search for your contact info. Make sure it’s prominent and accessible in every place you have a presence, and on every document you send. If they want to reach out to chat with you over the phone- or better yet, set up an interview- you don’t want them clicking around trying to find your email address.

american bungalow essays

american bungalow essays The article Manufacturing and Marketing the American Bungalow by Scott Erbes discusses the effects that The Aladdin Company had on the American Bungalow. The Aladdin Company was a main manufacturer of these mail order homes. By intense marketing and propaganda the Aladdin Company, along with several others, was able to promote and sell these precut homes by mail. The Aladdin Company was founded in 1906 in Bay City, Michigan by William and Otto Sovereign. William and Otto started their firm having had no architectural experience at all. They were inspired by a friend who was in the business of selling precut boats by mail so they decided to venture into selling precut homes by mail. In order for William and Otto to get their company started and up to the level that they wanted, it became necessary to use mass-marketing as a ploy to draw people into the idea of homes through the mail. Their way of enticing people to buy these homes was through their catalogue. They portrayed the homes by mail, bungalows, as an escape from lifes worries: A place where one could commune with nature. By taking the promotional aspect to such a high level the bungalow became very prominent in the America in the early 1900s. By 1917, William and Otto were selling more than three thousand homes per year. They had homes spread all over the United States and included in that array of owners were several large- scale companies such as the Dupont Company. Their success continued for the next two decades and William and Otto were able to broaden their product line from not only the houses but also the furnishings in the houses. However, the companies momentum was nearly depleted during the Great Depression. Aladdins output dropped drastically during the Great Depression but in the decades following the Depression, it was able to regain some of their profit but they never reached the lev...

See instruction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

See instruction - Essay Example e following departments: Coastal Retrofit that carry out mitigation programs to assist homeowners reinforce their dwellings against wind damage; Field service which maintains offices around the affected region where an area coordinator is stationed to act as liaison between the main office and the assigned area; Mitigation department is the other and function in prevention of damages and loss of life and belongings in future crisis. The fourth department deal with preparedness , a docket which undertakes all emergency planning and training programs advanced by the agency; The recovery department comes next and its role is to carry out the recovery operations that includes public assistance reimbursement. The response department which coordinates regional responses is the other department. This department responds to the various natural or manmade crisis through the central emergency operation centre; finally, the support service that handles all personnel and financial issues for the agency (Principles of emergency management, 2003). Area served/ Demographics; Quick response emergency management agency serves an area of 331 square miles with a population of about 1,337,000. This area includes a 17 mile coastline stretching 3 miles offshore 4, 6000 around the Florida region. This area is served by 47 operation centers with 30 being permanent lifeguard stations and 17 established as seasonal stations to serve during peak period. Employment information; The Quick response emergency management agency combine their emergency and homeland security full-time equivalent positions in the various regions it maintains. Presently the agency is advertising vacancy for the following posts; Emergency Management Specialist (4), Administrative, Office, Clerical (5), Legal Counsel (1) and Technology Related (1). Employment opportunities to interested persons; Ones eligibility to submit an employment application with the Quick response emergency management agency

CORPORATE FINANCE OVERVIEW Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

CORPORATE FINANCE OVERVIEW - Essay Example Even though the company has a secure stream of income from a long term contract, it still bears a default risk, albeit rather small. My estimation of the discount rate has to reflect all this information. It will be definitely higher than discount rate of government securities. d) This security has substantial default risk as the issuing company is a start-up without proven history of operations and no secure stream of income. Therefore, the discount rate will be higher than for the company with secured stream of income (from the previous question). 2. Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) can be used to quickly estimate the expected rate of return on a certain security. In an essence, it provides the best guess market can provide for future return on a particular security in a simple but powerful way. It was estimated that nearly 3/4 of financial managers use CAPM to estimate the cost of capital (Brealey, Myers & Allen, 192). CAPM reflects two crucial points. First, investors require extra return for extra risk (as shown in risk premium component). Second, investors are concerned with the risk that they cannot eliminate by diversification (as shown in beta component). Therefore, when used to estimate expected return on a particular security, CAPM accounts for the overall additional risk premium historically required by investors for this type of security (risk premium) and for the systematic risk that this particular security adds to the diversified portfolio (security’s beta). 3. a) It is possible to estimate net present value of this project rather accurately. Buying new equipment for a factory line at Ford is a part of regular established operations of Ford. Therefore, the expected rate of return estimated for the Ford as a company is appropriate for this particular project. Since Ford is a mature company, with its stock having being traded for many years, its expected rate of return

Fallacy of work-life balance and video Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Fallacy of work-life balance and video - Essay Example It is actually a very short discourse that only took Friedman about one minute to deliver orally. The disparities between the two mediums of communication could be evaluated in terms of the impact to the audience; the clarity within which the message was sent; the ability to emphasize some points; and the overall effectiveness in understanding the message that was originally intended to be relayed. The video presentation accorded the audience with the opportunity to see or visualize the author as he relayed the information or contents verbally. The author delivered the message in a manner where he seemed to be relaying the information to another person, someone he was looking at (and not the audience). His face was actually positioned not directly to the audience; but somewhat skewed to the right where he seemed to be looking a person or the camera which was positioned accordingly. However, the video presentation accorded the audience with verbal cues that enhanced or highlighted some portions of his message through the manner of speech: pausing between phrases or sentences; mov ements of his head; changes in posture (slight shifts in his seating position); and modulation of his voice or tone that assisted in conveying the appropriate message. With the written discourse, the information could also be clearly understood. However, the intensity of stressing some points could not have been properly established, since it would depend on the readers’ competencies to effectively understand. For instance, this narrative discourse would be comprehended differently between a reader with a high school level, as compared to that of a university graduate, or a professional. Likewise, readers from diverse cultural, ethnic or racial background whose native language is not English could have some challenges in comprehending the message accurately. In addition, the readers could have just breezed

The Banker-Customer Relationship

The Banker-Customer Relationship Banker Customer Relationship In the light of a massive erosion of the principle of confidentiality. In the Banker/ Customer Relationship Review Committee on Banking Services Law (1989) recommended that the government should not further extend the statutory exceptions to the duty of confidentiality, without taking full account of the consequences for the banker/ customer relationship Critically discuss how the principles of confidentiality has developed the potential aspect on banker/customer relationship. The banking service plays a major role in within modern society. It is estimated that over 90% of all adults in the UK hold a bank or building society account. Therefore the proper deliver of services by banks is of significance to the majority of UK consumers. The issue of confidentiality is an essential feature of the service. In 1989, the Treasury and the Bank of England set up the first independent review on banking services law and practice within the UK. That report is known as the Jack Report. The objectives of the report were to achieve four main objectives: i) achieve fairness and transparency of dealings ii) maintain confidence iii) promote efficiency iv) preserve the bankers duty of confidentiality. Amongst its 83 recommendations, the Report recommended that the government should not further extend the statutory exceptions to the duty of confidentiality, without taking full account of the consequences for the bank/customer relationship. This paper seeks to analyze how the principles of confidentiality have developed since 1989 in relation to the banker and consumer. History The obligations of confidentiality in relation to banking law within the UK stem from the common law. The leading case in this area was Tournier v National Provincial and Union Bank of England. The bank had released information related to the plaintiffs debt to the bank to his employers, and this subsequently led to his dismissal. The Court of Appeal confirmed that it is an implied term of the banker/customer contract that the banker has a duty of secrecy. In the circumstances of the case, it was found that the bank had breached its duty, and the court found for the plaintiff. Bankes LJ stated that confidentiality may be breached: i) Where disclosure is made under compulsion of law; ii) Where there is a duty to the public to disclose iii) Where the interests of the bank requires disclosure iv) Where the disclosure is made by the express or implied consent of the customer. The decision was more recently affirmed by the Court of Appeal in 1989 in Lipkin Gorman v Karpnale. Therefore, the primary rule in UK banking law is that all information relating to the state of a customers account, or any of his transactions with the bank, or any information relating to the customer acquired through the keeping of his account is confidential, subject to the four Tournier exceptions. Statutory Law The first exception in Tournier permits the bank to disclose confidential information under compulsion of law. This may be either at common law or statute. The Committee took the view that too many inroads had been made by legislation into banking confidentiality. At the time of the Jack Report, the following legislative exceptions existed:- Banking Acts The Banking Act 1979 was the first formal legal framework to banking regulation within the UK. Part V of the Banking Act 1987 sets out restrictions on the disclosure of information without consent. It does not extend to any information within the public domain. Exceptions are set out at Sections 83 and 84. These permit, inter alia, restricted information may be released to an auditor if that information would assist the FSA in discharging its functions. Section 7 The Bankers Books and Evidence Act 1879 This permits any party to legal proceedings to apply to the court for an order granting him permission to inspect and take copies of any entries in a bankers books, for the purposes of such proceedings. This power is discretionary, and will only be exercised with great caution. An order is only usually made against the account of the party who is involved in the litigation or, if it is in the name of some other person, the account which is really the account of the party. It will only be made against non parties in very exceptional circumstances. Further, there is an implied undertaking on discovery only to use the documents for the purposes of the action in which discovery is given. The Taxes Management Act 1970 S1 2 Various provisions under this act permit the Commissioners to decide whether or not in their opinion tax has been unlawfully evaded. Therefore, the ambit of this exception is wide. However, it is only the office holder, such as the Administrator or liquidator that may make an application to the court for an order under this provision. Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 The police are entitled to obtain access to special procedure material for the purposes of criminal investigation. If an order is made relating to bank confidential information, the bank is under no obligation to resist the order, nor to inform the customer that an order is being sought. Financial Services Act 1986 S177 allows the Secretary of State to appoint inspectors to carry out investigations to establish whether or not an offence of insider dealing has been committed. The Inspectors may order any person whom they consider may be able to give information to produce any documents in his possession or control. Insolvency Act 1986 s.236(1) The court may summon any person known or suspected to be in possession of any property of the company or supposed to be indebted to the company; or any person whom the court thinks capable of giving information concerning the promotion, formation, dealings, affairs or property of the company. It can require production of any records in his possession or control relating to these issues. The provision is not limited to documents required to reconstitute the state of the companys knowledge. Criminal Justice Act 1987 By Section 2, in cases of serious or complex fraud, the Director of the Serious Fraud Office may require any person to produce specified documents that appear to the Director to relate to any matter relevant to the investigation. The Jack Report The report examined the bankers duty of confidentiality and, in particular, the exception at iii) above in the Tournier case that disclosure may be permitted where the interest of the bank requires disclosure. The committee recommended that legislation should be enacted to state that damages for breach of confidentiality should include compensation for distress, embarrassment or inconvenience, regardless of whether financial loss could be proved. The report expressed concern in particular in relation to the growing perception within some banks that they are permitted to release confidential information to other members of their group without any express consent. An additional concern related to the disclosure of confidential information to credit reference agencies. These issues were considered in Turner v Royal Bank of Scotland PLC. In that case, the bank had responded to a number of status enquiries in its standard coded terms appears to be fully committed at present). The court heard evidence that it was the standard practice of all banks not to seek customers consents. The Court of Appeal held that customers were entitled, under Tournier, to have their affairs kept confidential, and it was not for banks to privately agree otherwise. The banking code now makes clear the banks obligations in these regards. The Committee was concerned that the balance between public interest and private rights had moved too far in the direction of disclosure. It is therefore clear, in light of the Jack Report, that the third exception within Tournier should not be used other than within the narrowest of situations. The government responded cautiously to the Report, but supported the idea of a voluntary code of practice. A voluntary code was developed by the banks. Although the code is voluntary, Almost all banks subscribe to it. The March 2003 edition of the Banking Code sets out the banks obligations of confidentiality, which reflect the four exceptions within Tournier. The Code also makes clear that the third exception within Tournier is designed to protect the institutions legitimate interests, and does not extend to the transfer of information for marketing purposes unless the customer has provided specific consent to such disclosure. Developments since the Jack Report Since 1989, arguments in favour of disclosure have increased. This arises out of growing concerns related to drug trafficking and other forms of organized crimes. Concerns have escalated in the wake of 9/11 and the war on terrorism. Therefore, since the Report, the government has enacted further legislation, which create much tighter obligations on banks to disclose information relating to drug trafficking, money laundering, and terrorism, as follow. Drug Trafficking Act 1994 This provides that where a person discloses to a constable a suspicion that funds are used in connection with drug trafficking, that disclosure will not be a breach of any statutory or other legal restriction. The police are also permitted to apply to the court for an order for disclosure in appropriate circumstances. Money Laundering Regulations 2001 The new regulations add a power to the commissioners to enter and inspect money service operators premises. It also empowers the commissioners to seek a court order requiring any person in possession of specified information to allow them access to it, where there are reasonable grounds for believe that a money laundering offence has been committed. Part 3 Anti-Terrorism Crime and Security Act 2001 This act was passed extremely quickly in response to the terrorist attacks on 11th September 2001. The Act was intended to ensure that government departments and agencies can collect and share information required for countering the terrorist threat. The disclosure powers within Part 3 have proved controversial, particularly since those powers are not limited to anti-terrorist investigations. There is naturally a perceived danger of citizens privacy rights being breached if hitherto confidential information is disclosed to the police or intelligence agencies under this new legislation. The Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 Under this Act, a crown court judge may make a disclosure order requiring any person to give tot he Director of the Assets Recovery Agency any relevant information. Under Sections 370-375, the court may also make a customer information order, which requires a bank to provide information relating to the affairs of the customer. Civil Procedure Rules Part 31 The requirements for disclosure are extended beyond the pre 1999 court rules. The court has developed powers to order discovery of information at the earliest stages of an action to assist a claimant to trace and recover property to which he claims he is wrongfully deprived. Conclusion The Jack Committee felt that too many inroads had been made by legislation into banking confidentiality, and recommended that consolidating legislation be enacted. It requested that any future exemptions should be made by reference to the new provision, and any not so made would not override the central duty of confidentiality. No such legislation was introduced. The government did not accept that there had been a massive erosion of the duty. It is submitted however that the exceptions in 1989 were extremely wide, as set out above. Exceptions existed if there was suspicion of tax evasion, any crime (under PACE), insider dealing, or fraud. Further, documents were even then disclosable without any criminal activity, in the case of an insolvent company or where civil proceedings were commenced. The government has since enacted extensive additional legislation which further undermines the obligation of confidentiality, creating a new suspicion based reporting regime. The government will argue that the further inroads are justified in the fight against terrorism, drug trafficking and other serious crime. The government must be seen to strike an appropriate balance in confidentiality laws vis a vis civil rights and public interest. The important question is whether todays consumers accept that there is justification for the diminished duty. Consumers would normally view all information within the banks possession as entirely confidential, not to be released without their explicit consent. It is submitted however that, in light of todays atmosphere of abhorrence to terrorism and crimes that may fund terrorism, such as drug trafficking and money laundering, the inroads to the duty seem palatable. Of course, the exemptions are far wider than most consumers would expect. For example, under the Bankers Books and Evidence Act, or under Part 31 of the Civil Procedure Rules, the court can require disclosure from a bank in connection with any civil court proceedings. This will not necessarily involve cases where there is any suspicion of criminal activity, and may simply relate to an alleged, ill founded claim for breach of contract. It is essential in todays society that consumers are able to maintain trust in their bank, and rely on the implicit confidentiality of the relationship. The right to privacy is of fundamental importance to most consumers This is essential particularly in commerce. It is not conducive to commercial efficiency to have information relating to trading made open to competitors. A breach of confidence to a competitor can cause immediate, irreparable and incalculable loss to a company. The courts have emphasized that there is a strong public interest in maintaining confidentiality based on the moral principles of loyalty and fair dealing. Consumers disclose information to banks on the understanding that it will remain confidential. Of course, disclosure is justified in exceptional circumstances, for example control of banking fraud, or where an individual is involved in money laundering profits from terrorism or drug trafficking. However, it is submitted that the current extent of the statutory exceptions go far beyond this. Bibliography Banking Litigation Warne Elliot, Sweet Maxwell 1999 Encyclopedia of Banking Law, Cresswell and others Butterworths 2004 Halsburys Laws of England, volume 3(1), 4th Edition Halsburys Laws of England 2001 Annual Abridgement (Paragraph 278) Modern Banking law Ellinger, Limnicka Hooley, 3rd Edition Oxford 2002 The Law Relating to Domestic Banking Pen Shea, 2nd Edition Sweet Maxwell Anti-Terrorism Crime and Security Act 2001 Banking Code March 2003 Data Protection Act 1988 Drug Trafficking Act 1994 Evidence (Proceedings in other jurisdictions) Act 1975 Insolvency Act 1986 Money Laundering Regulations 2001 SI 2001/3641 Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1988 Taxes Management Act 1970 Bhinji v Chatwani (No 3) [1992] 4 All ER 913 British Commonwealth Holdings plc (joint administrators) v Spicer Oppenheim (a firm) [1993] AC 426 Lipkin Gorman v Karpnale [1989] 1 WLR 1341 Peterson v Idaho First National Bank 83 Idaho 578 Tournier v National Provincial and Union Bank of England [1924] 1 KB 461 CA Turner v Royal Bank of Scotland PLC (1999) CA (Civ Div) 24.3.99) Banking Services: Law and Practice Report by the Review Committee Professor Robert Jack CM 622 1989 Cracking the codes for bank customers Banking services Consumer code review group, May 2001. www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/media Court Rules on Duty of Confidentiality Lovells International Law Office www.internationallawoffice.com

Alabama :: essays research papers

It must have been around eleven o'clock in the morning when I awoke from a stuffy and uncomfortable sleep, in the back of a moving mini-van. My mouth was dry, my nose was sore, and my eyes itched from sleep crust. A huge yawn escaped from my mouth as I tried to stretch my aching limbs. As I was stretching out, I accidentally kicked my little brother Sam in the head. So much for peaceful sleep, he woke up in a foul mood. He must have thought that I kicked him on purpose because he punched me as hard as he could in my leg.I got really mad at him I yelled " Why did you do that, I kicked you by accident?" I punched him in his chest. Now he was really mad, his screaming and his curses were pretty incoherent. He said something like " Punk why did you hit me?" I said " You hit me first, call me another punk and I'll hit you again!" We probably sounded like two babbling drunks because we were half sleep and using slurred speech. I was about to belt him one more for getting in my face but that was before he yelled "Auntie, Ron hit me!" I said in a whinny little voice " He started it auntie, I didn't do nothing!" "Knock it off you two, can't you see that I am trying to drive?" "Keep quiet before you wake up your grandmother and your sisters", said Aunt Florence as she gripped the wheel with one hand and turned to give us that cold " do n't mess with me today stare". That kept us quiet, we did not utter another word after that.As for not waking everybody else up, it was too late for that. Brenda, who is the youngest, awoke first. She was being pretty quiet but the silence would not last. She wanted to stop and use the bathroom but instead of waiting for auntie to find a rest stop she thought it would be better to nag everyone's ears off. Her nagging and whining woke Remy up; she is the oldest girl. The first thing that came out of her mouth was " I'm hungry let's stop at McDonalds" She was not too happy when Aunt Florence told her to look for a ham sandwich in the cooler because we weren't stopping until we got to

Mama Might Be Better Off Dead: The Failure of Health Care

In this essay I’m going to provide a creative review of the book â€Å"Mama Might Be Better Off Dead: The Failure of Health Care in Urban America† and discuss the overall failure of the health care in the modern US. The shocking title of the book speaks for itself. The frank, insightful and humane nature of the book will leave nobody indifferent. The book provides an account of the unhappy destiny of the four generations of the poor and miserable Banes family living in the dirty and dangerous North Lawndale (near Chicago) neighborhoods. Every member of the Banes family experiences health problems, and the government turns out to be unable to protect its citizens from diseases and physical disability. The family is the typical example of a disadvantaged social group. They are African-American, the husband is drug-addicted, children are neglected, and all of them suffer from the so-called â€Å"inherited poverty† – the situation, when poverty is passed from generation to generation. The American government may be successful protection rich, white and young, but when the matter concerns poor and disadvantages, the government either doesn’t care, or is unable to provide quality health protection for them. What problems do the family members face? Younger children don’t get necessary immunization. Grandmother has diabetes and went through the amputation of limbs. The son is partially paralyzed after a stroke. The husband has problems with kidneys. The most striking feature is that the place, where the Banes family lives, is surrounded by the city’s best medical facilities, but they have mo access, moreover, not a single chance for access to them. The author takes the reader for a horrible trip around hospitals, primary care facilities, emergency rooms and even courtrooms, where he Banes try to improve their conditions by trials with home care. Many families in the modern urban America face the same problem as the Banes. They are quickly trapped in the vicious circle of illness and poverty. If citizens are poor, they are especially sensitive to the maladies of the century, for instance, alcohol and drugs addiction, and they don’t adhere to the basic hygienic demands. If citizens are ill, they can easily fall into poverty. It’s shocking that in the urban areas people suffer from the same health care problems as people in the third-world countries. Our government seems to be the most democratic and progressive, but while it’s unable to guarantee basic social rights of its citizens, it can’t be regarded as such. Our government should pay more attention to caring than curing. Health has systematic nature, it’s a habit, and the government should stimulate and, what is more important, allow is citizens to get into it. The author shows that many people in the nowadays America are uninsured and underinsured. It’s not the issue of the numbers of public spending. It’s the issue of attitudes. It’s the issues of loopholes in the health care. It’s the issue of the commitment to quality and equality in this sphere. The author calls for the reform of the Medicaid and Medicare. These health care programs don’t benefit medically underserved communities. Poor and disadvantaged citizens face the lack of access to medical care every day. The policymakers on the highest level don’t know much about the problems their people face in the small towns and suburbs all across the country. The governance of the hospitals is often corrupted and reluctant. It seems that racial discrimination is inexistent in America, but, in fact, medical aid is like litmus that shows all the problems that Africa-Americans and representatives of other minorities face, for example, when the matter concerns the transplantation of organs. The Banes have enough self-respect to battle for the health care, but many other families have to cope with other problems in the first place, including domestic violence, unemployment and crime. The author suggests that a health care should ensure proper and equal access to health care facilities. I know that some hospitals in other states have implemented outreach programs for the minority citizens, for instance, mobile health care centers and interactive health care education. The health care should have a human face. The author shows how treating the poor is bad and unprofitable for the health care business. White doctors can be discriminatory towards disadvantaged minority patients. If children don’t receive proper preventive care, they will be likely to fall into the vicious circle of illnesses and poor health. All these problems should be targeted – and targeted immediately on the federal, state and local levels. The book can and should be viewed as a consistent and sound argument for a health care reform in the modern America. Sources Abraham, L.K. (1994). Mama Might Be Better Off Dead: The Failure of Health Care in Urban America. University of Chicago Press; Re

Leading High Performance Groups

Leading High Performance Groups Introduction The importance of group work has become relevant in the current competitive business environment. Organizations have come to realize that the best way of achieving success is by breaking down tasks, and assigning small groups of employees’ different tasks as a way of achieving the overall objectives of an organization.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Leading High Performance Groups specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Partridge (1999), although firms still appreciates that the performance of individual employees would always determine success of the entire firm, the need for these individual employees to work as small groups has increasingly become evident. In such small groups, a firm is able to define ways in which a strategic objective can be achieved in a more coordinated manner. It becomes easier for the top management to monitor activities of groups other than that of individuals.à ‚  When assigned the role of leading such teams, it is always important to find ways of achieving maximum output using the assigned members. This means that such a leader will have the responsibility of motivating the team in order to make it a high performer. Leading high performing groups requires leadership skills that would enable the project leader to maintain motivation among project members. It involves making them understand the vision, and constantly reminding them that they have the capacity to achieve this vision. It involves being creative enough to make team members understand the various environmental forces that may affect the team’s performance and defining the best ways of managing these forces. It also involves maintaining a positive communication with all the members, always trying to make an effort to understand uniqueness of every team member. This research paper seeks to analyze how a team leader can lead a high performance groups. Objective of the study In every research, it is always important to understand objectives that will guide the research, especially in the process of collecting relevant data. Leadership is a field that has received massive attention from scholars around the world. It is important to define specific area of focus when conducting a research that is related to leadership. The following are some of the specific objectives that the researcher seeks to achieve through this study. To determine the meaning of high performance groups from the perspective of various scholars To identify some of the underpinning theories relevant in leading high performance group. To develop an understanding of the appropriate method that should be taken in developing teams within an organization. To determine how new leaders can understand their team members and devise the most appropriate method of making them achieve the desired result. To create an understanding of how team conflicts can be resolved in order to eliminate negat ive effects of such conflicts. The research seeks to respond to the above objectives in order to enable new managers understand what is expected of them when developing new teams.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Discussion According to Kliem (2004), before one can purport to offer leadership, it is always important to understand why teams are important in the first place. This scholar notes that a leader should always appreciate the importance of having teams within the organization. This way, it becomes possible to develop a vision that will be shared by all team members. In the current dynamic business environment, firms have come to realize that the best way of achieving success with employees is by organizing them into groups. This is important because of several reasons. Creativity and innovation has become core to success of organization. Creativity is best achieved when employees are allowed to work as a team. Through such teams, employees get to share talents and skills in a group setting. This way, it becomes possible for one to share his or her unique skills with others and determine how the unique skill or talent can be nurtured into something of benefit to the firm. Groups also offer a unique environment for learning. When employees are assigned various groups, they are able to learn some of the skills they were lacking by observing the way other team members are undertaking their activities. Teams also offers the management unit a unique opportunity to offer in-service training to its workforce in a practical environment in order to enhance their performance. Partridge (1999) notes that trying to achieve strategic objectives of a firm without breaking them into tactic and operational objectives may yield poor results. For this reason, it is always important for the management to break the overall objectives into tactic and oper ational objectives. Teams would be assigned these tactic objectives based on their areas of specialization. The management would then make the team members understand the overall objective of the firm, and the relevance of their assigned tasks in achieving the overall objectives. As Harris (2013) says, groups also offers employees opportunity to interact and understand each other better. Human being is social by nature, and it is important to create an environment where they can share their views and job experiences. This reduces the level of stress among employees. It acts as a motivation to achieve more. As a new manager who is expected to lead small teams, it is important to understand these fact in order to appreciate the need to have teams within an organization.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Leading High Performance Groups specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Defining High Performance Groups Nemiro (2008) defin es high performance groups as teams who level of output per given unit time is above normal. He states that high performance groups are teams that are always motivated and determined to achieve higher success in every task they are assigned. These are individuals who are always focused on what lies ahead, and understand ways in which they can coordinate themselves in order to deliver the best results within the shortest time possible. In such groups, every member if the team understands what is needed of him or her, and will always commit self towards delivering goods results on their assigned tasks. Kliem (2004) observes that team leaders are not special people with unique skills put together to perform a given task. Rather, this is a group of employees who are always positive in their work, are willing to learn, and able to try new approaches in undertaking tasks assigned to them. This means that high performance groups are always defined by the kind of leadership they have. It is through leadership that employees will remain constantly motivated. As Harris (2013) observes, leaders are always the driving force of any organization. Depending on the way they get to influence junior employees, a firm can achieve success or failure in its operations. This means that high performance groups would rely on the leader who has been assigned to these groups. Such a leader must understand individual employees capacity and needs, determine how these needs can be met, and develop strategies that would make every member of the team feel that his or her views are respected by the leader. To be a successful leader, it is always important to understand people that are led and be sensitive of their concerns. This would make them feel motivated. It is this motivation that would make them willing to go an extra mile in undertaking various duties within the firm, making the entire team successful. Understanding team theory may be important in appreciating the role of a leader in achieving success within the organization. Understanding the Team Theory It is clear from the discussion above that high performance groups is defined by the kind of leaders who are assigned to such groups. As a leader therefore, it is important to appreciate that the performance of the group would depend on the leadership competency. To do this, Partridge (1999) says that it is important to understand the theory behind team. Team Theory seeks to explain stages that is always taken in forming a team, and the needs of team members at these stages. As a leader, understanding these stages makes it possible to develop strategies that would enable the leader meet the changing expectations of the team members. This theory specifies the following stages of growth of a team.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Forming stage This is the first stage of a team where different people come together with the view of working as a unit to achieve a common goal. As this stage, Nemiro (2008) notes that employees are always polite and positive. Members also experience mixed reactions as they try to visualize what lies ahead for them in these groups. High performance group would always be defined at this stage. A leader needs to tap on the positivity of the employees and their high expectations to make them high performance. Their anxiety should be turned into desire to achieve better results. It is also at this stage that a leader should provide a clear vision of the group, and a communication system that enables every member of the team to be heard. Any form of disillusionment should be eliminated. The focus at this stage would always be to set the right tempo that would be desired in achieving both short-term and long-term goals. Storming stage This is the stage where reality downs on the team mem bers. Every team member gets to understand his or her tasks, and the overall objectives that should be achieved within team. Tasks become clearly defined, and the exact vision becomes clear. This stage is always very challenging for a leader if the first stage was not handled appropriately. This is because at this stage, some members may realize that things are not as easy as they could have anticipated. However, if they were well prepared at the first stage, this second stage is always easily accomplished. The leader must understand that this stage involves assigning specific duties to individuals in the group in order to achieve overall objective of the firm. A leader of high performance team would always use this opportunity to make team members define their own individual path in achieving their specific tasks in the best way possible. The leader should offer members assistance when they are defining their operational strategies. The leader must ensure that their tactical strate gies are in line with the vision of the group. Norming stage At this third stage, team members get to understand their real working environment. They get to appreciate what the overall vision of the team seeks to achieve. Team members also get to understand one another, and define how they can relate in order to support and be supported in various activities. This stage provides a leader with the best opportunity of making employees feel more comfortable with their tasks, and the need to involve others in their actions. As Nemiro (2008) notes, employees at this stage may try to be independent in their actions because they get to understand their environment. This independence is not bad, but it should not be a reason that makes members ignore team spirit that was the real reason why such teams were forme (Kliem, 2004). Performing stage When a leader guides his team through the first three stages successfully, the fourth stage will be a true reflection of a high performance team. Whe n the leader guided his or her members through the first three stages successfully, the fourth face would involve high levels of collaboration among members. Every member of the group will understand that the overall success of the firm depends on the success of their individual performance. They would therefore try to achieve perfection in their duties, while still willing to help other team members be successful in their various tasks. In such groups, members will appreciate the dynamism in their working environment, and accept the need to be dynamic to the changing environmental factors. Understanding these four stages is very important for a new leader who is intending to guide a given group of employees into becoming high performance groups. Leading Virtual Teams Technology has created an environment where people can work from different geographic locations across the world. There are cases where a leader is assigned a virtual team, with members spread in various regions around the world. It is important for such a leader to understand that in order to create a high performance group out of them, the four stages defined above must be clearly followed despite lack of physical presence. Kliem (2004) warns that to lead a virtual high performance group, there is need for a high degree of discipline for all members. This is because when it is decided upon that there would be a videoconference at a particular time, all members should be seated at their respective offices ready for the conference. Any delay by any member or the leader may paralyze operations of the group. This may be worse in case it is the leader who fails to avail himself at the conference within the right time.  Leading virtual teams also need sophisticated communication tools that would keep all members in contact with one another. The leader must be able to communicate with any member of the team at any time of the day without getting affected by geographic barrier. Individual members mus t also be able to communicate among themselves in order to enhance creativity in their various tasks. Harris (2013) also advises that when leading such teams, traditional leadership approaches that emphasizes on exerting one’s authority over other as a show of supremacy may not yield the desired fruits. Resolving Conflicts in High Performance Groups Teams always bring together people with different skills, ideas, knowledge and talents. It also brings together individuals with different attitudes, values, and other demographical factors (Kliem (2004). Although it would be expected that in high performance teams the levels of understanding would always be high, it is important to appreciate the fact that conflicts would arise due to a number of reasons. It is important to address these conflicts as soon as they arise in order to avoid negative consequences they might have on the performance of the group. As a leader of high performance group, it is necessary to develop systems that would capture conflicts among the group members as soon as they arise. In order to manage conflict in such groups, a leader should consider the following. A leader should not ignore any form of conflict among the employees because when it is not addressed at its early stage, then it may give rise to other negative consequences that may affect the operations of the firm. A leader must have a clear proactive system that is able to identify conflicts within the group and offer clear guidelines on how to resolve it. A leader should encourage communication amongst conflicting groups as a way understanding each other. A leader should instil the spirit of tolerance amongst its employees as a way of creating an environment where conflicts can be resolved easily. Measuring the Performance of the Group It is always important to determine the performance of a group, especially if it has reached the fourth stage. High performance groups are always unique from other groups in the characte ristics they exhibit. The following are some of the characteristics that are always common among high performance groups Respect and trust among team members. High performance groups are always characterized by a high level of trust among group members. This helps in creating an environment where team members feel free to share their views, skills, talent, and knowledge with others. Clear communication system that enhances clarity and honesty among employees. In these groups, it is team members always have an understanding of what has been achieved, and what needs to be achieved (Harris, 2013). Positive results in the performance of the firm towards achieving success. The ultimate measure of performance would be the actual determination of the output posted by the team over a given period. High performance groups would always post good results, and their activities would always be seen to be in line with its vision. Conclusion Leading high performance groups can be a very challeng ing task. It requires a deep understanding of people within the group in order to develop strategies that would be acceptable to them. High performance groups are always defined by its leadership structure. It is clear from the above discussion that leaders have a great responsibilities of leading team members towards achieving the vision of a firm. To do this, leaders should understand various stages of leadership, and how they can influence team members at these stages in order to achieve success. References Harris, P. (2013). Developing High Performance Leaders: A Behavioral Science Guide for the Knowledge of Work Culture. New York: Routledge. Kliem, R. L. (2004). Leading high performance projects. Boca Raton: Ross Publishers. Nemiro, J. E. (2008). The handbook of high-performance virtual teams: A toolkit for collaborating across boundaries. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Partridge, L. (1999). Leading high performance. London: Financial Times Management.

Profile of Major General Smedley Butler

Profile of Major General Smedley Butler Major General Smedley Butler was a decorated war veteran. He is best known for serving in the Carribean and abroad during World War I. Early Life Smedley Butler was born in West Chester, PA on July 30, 1881, to Thomas and Maud Butler. Raised in the area, Butler initially attended West Chester Friends Graded High School before moving on to the prestigious Haverford School. While enrolled at Haverford, Butlers father was elected to the US House of Representatives. Serving in Washington for thirty-one years, Thomas Butler would later provide political cover for his sons military career. A gifted athlete and a good student, the younger Butler elected to leave Haverford in mid-1898 to take part in the Spanish-American War. Joining the Marines Though his father wished him to remain in school, Butler was able to obtain a direct commission as a second lieutenant in the US Marine Corps. Ordered to the Marine Barracks in Washington, DC for training, he then joined the Marine Battalion, North Atlantic Squadron and took part in operations around Guantnamo Bay, Cuba. With the withdrawal of the Marines from the area later in the year, Butler served aboard USS New York until being discharged on February 16, 1899. His separation from the Corps proved short as he was able to secure a first lieutenants commission in April. In the Far East Ordered to Manila, Philippines, Butler took part in the Philippine-American War. Bored by garrison life, he welcomed the opportunity to experience combat later that year. Leading a force against the Insurrecto-held town of Noveleta in October, he succeeded in driving off the enemy and securing the area. In the wake of this action, Butler was tattooed with a large Eagle, Globe, and Anchor which covered his entire chest. Befriending Major Littleton Waller, Butler was selected to join him as part of a Marine company on Guam. En route, Wallers force was detoured to China to aid in putting down the Boxer Rebellion. Arriving in China, Butler took part in the Battle of Tientsin on July 13, 1900. In the fighting, he was hit in the leg while trying to rescue another officer. Despite his wound, Butler assisted the officer to the hospital. For his performance at Tientsin, Butler received a brevet promotion to captain. Returning to action, he was grazed in the chest during fighting near San Tan Pating. Returning the United States in 1901, Butler spent two years serving ashore and aboard various vessels. In 1903, while stationed in Puerto Rico, he was ordered to aid in protecting American interests during a revolt in Honduras. The Banana Wars Moving along the Honduran coast, Butlers party rescued the American consul in Trujillo. Suffering from a tropical fever during the campaign, Butler received the nickname Old Gimlet Eye due to his constantly bloodshot eyes. Returning home, he married Ethel Peters on June 30, 1905. Ordered back to the Philippines, Butler saw garrison duty around Subic Bay. In 1908, now a major, he was diagnosed with having a nervous breakdown (possibly post-traumatic stress disorder) and was sent back to the United States for nine months to recover. During this period Butler tried his hand at coal mining but found it not to his liking. Returning to the Marines, he received command of 3rd Battalion, 1st Regiment on the Isthmus of Panama in 1909. He remained in the area until being ordered to Nicaragua in August 1912. Commanding a battalion, he took part in the bombardment, assault, and capture of Coyotepe in October. In January 1914, Butler was directed to join Rear Admiral Frank Fletcher off the coast of Mexico to monitor military activities during the Mexican Revolution. In March, Butler, posing as a railroad executive, landed in Mexico and scouted the interior. As the situation continued to worsen, American forces landed at Veracruz on April 21. Leading the Marine contingent, Butler directed their operations through two days of fighting before the city was secured. For his actions, he was awarded the Medal of Honor. The following year, Butler led a force from USS Connecticut ashore on Haiti after a revolution threw the country into chaos. Winning several engagements with the Haitian rebels, Butler won a second Medal of Honor for his capture of Fort Rivià ¨re. In doing so, he became one of only two Marines to win the medal twice, the other being Dan Daly. World War I With the US entry into World War I in April 1917, Butler, now a lieutenant colonel, began lobbying for a command in France. This failed to materialize as some of his key superiors deemed him unreliable despite his stellar record. On July 1, 1918, Butler received a promotion to colonel and command of the 13th Marine Regiment in France. Though he worked to train the unit, they did not see combat operations. Promoted to brigadier general in early October, he was directed to oversee Camp Pontanezen at Brest. A key debarkation point for American troops, Butler distinguished himself by improving conditions in the camp. Postwar For his work in France, Butler received the Distinguished Service Medal from both the US Army and US Navy. Arriving home in 1919, he took command of Marine Corps Base Quantico, Virginia and over the next five years worked to make what had been a wartime training camp into a permanent base. In 1924, at the request of President Calvin Coolidge and Mayor W. Freeland Kendrick, Butler took a leave from the Marines to serve as Director of Public Safety for Philadelphia. Assuming oversight of the citys police and fire departments, he tirelessly worked to end corruption and enforce Prohibition. Though effective, Butlers military-style methods, impolitic comments, and aggressive approach began to wear thin with the public and his popularity began to drop. Though his leave was extended for a second year, he frequently clashed with Mayor Kendrick and elected to resign and return to the Marines Corps in late 1925. After briefly commanding the Marine Corps Base at San Diego, CA, he embarked for China in 1927. Over the next two years, Butler commanded the 3rd Marine Expeditionary Brigade. Working to protect American interests, he successfully dealt with rival Chinese warlords and leaders. Returning to Quantico in 1929, Butler was promoted to major general. Resuming his task of making the base the showplace of the Marines, he worked to increase the publics awareness of the corps by taking his men on long marches and re-enacting Civil War battles such as Gettysburg. On July 8, 1930, the Commandant of the Marines Corps, Major General Wendell C. Neville, died. Though tradition called for the senior general to temporarily fill the post, Butler was not appointed. Though considered for the permanent position of command  and supported by notables such as Lieutenant General John Lejeune, Butlers controversial track record along with ill-timed public comments regarding Italian dictator Benito Mussolini saw Major General Ben Fuller receive the post instead. Retirement Rather than continue in the Marine Corps, Butler filed for retirement and left the service on October 1, 1931. A popular lecturer while with the Marines, Butler began speaking to various groups fulltime. In March 1932, he announced that he would run for the US Senate from Pennsylvania. An advocate of Prohibition, he was defeated in the 1932 Republican primary. Later that year, he publically supported the Bonus Army protesters who sought early payment of the service certificates issued by the World War Adjusted Compensation Act of 1924. Continuing to lecture, he increasingly focused his speeches against war profiteering and American military intervention abroad. The themes of these lectures formed the basis for his 1935 work War Is a Racket which outlined the connections between war and business. Butler continued to speak on these topics and his views of fascism in the US through the 1930s. In June 1940, Butler entered the Philadelphia Naval Hospital after being ill for several weeks. On June 20, Butler died of cancer and was buried at Oaklands Cemetery in West Chester, PA.

Find a issue and two reasons Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Find a issue and two reasons - Essay Example Nonetheless, poverty is a social phenomenon, which is experienced in all countries, including the developed and developing countries. The social phenomenon of poverty is not as simple as it might appear. This is a complex phenomenon, which is complicated. Therefore, it is has proved challenging to provide a universal definition of this phenomenon. In addition, it is also complicated and challenging to discover the real causes of poverty. Different scholars studying this phenomenon have identified differing causes, and most have disagreed on which ones to term as the main causes of this phenomenon (Lusted 12). Nonetheless, some of the main factors considered to cause poverty include unequal distribution of resources in the society, and environmental degradation. Unequal distribution of resources makes some people to be termed rich, and others poor. Therefore, the group of people with limited access to resources will experience poverty. On the other hand, environmental degradation will affect those people who solely rely on the environment for natural resources. Farmers, anglers, are affected negatively by environmental degradation, therefore, making them poor (Fight Poverty n.p.). Nonetheless, the phenomenon of poverty is important in the world today, as through tis, the distribution patterns of wealth and resources can be traced. This would therefore, help most sociologists understand other social issues in different countries, with regard to their poverty levels. Sociologists and Anthropologists argue that poverty is a phenomenon that has existed throughout history, even before the recorded history. This is because the element of social stratification is inherent in the human society. Therefore, status, wealth, and power are all unequally distributed in society, even in the prehistoric times. Poverty is real and has been existent in the world over the past centuries. According to the records of the United Nations, poverty exists in most continents. In addition , Anthropologists and sociologists have traced poverty to the ancient eras, including the early periods of civilization. In addition, poverty is evident during the colonial era, according to sociologists. Today, the phenomenon of poverty is more prevalent in the third-world countries. Most African countries are stricken with poverty as shown by the increased deaths due to hunger, as well as increased immortality rates. Most poor African countries have therefore, benefited from considerable amount of aid and relief from the West (WHO n.p.). On the other hand, in most developed countries, the government supports the few poor countries through financial assistance. Homelessness in both developed and developing countries is an evidence of poverty in those countries. Poverty is a problematic phenomenon, considering it is among the social phenomena that humankind has failed to address. Poverty is detrimental, but no strategy over the years, has been instrumental in eliminating it. Nonethe less, between environmental degradation and unequal distribution of resources, unequal distribution of resources in society is the most valid cause of poverty. If all people in society would access wealth in the same measure, then there would not exist the phenomenon of poverty (Fight Poverty n.p.). Environmental degradation has existed for the past few decades, and there has been awareness about this aspect, which generally bears negative consequences for human beings. It is argued that environmental deg

Social Issues Regarding Digital Media in the Digital Age Research Paper

Social Issues Regarding Digital Media in the Digital Age - Research Paper Example As the paper declares the technological breakthroughs that been evidenced especially in the area of information and communication have had far-reaching consequences not only on the economic lives of individuals but also in the social behavior. Today, it looks like the oxygen people breathe is technologically purified. So much has been done with technology that its advantages remain to be challenged. On the same note, the myriad issues that have come along with this modernism have raised some social and ethical issues. According to the research findings the scholarly/academic meaning of the word ‘digital’ may differ from that which is known in the streets. In the ay today use, the word may be used to refer to social media or millennial technology that is commonly used by teens and youths for purposes of fun. Digital media has also been used to refer to all sorts of media that have visual capabilities. These terms and descriptions may not accurately represent the technical understanding of digital media. There are numerous examples of digital media starting from the most common one, the social media through video games, eBooks, digital audio, websites, digital videos to online newspapers and magazines. Currently, lots of people around the world use these myriad forms of digital media for fun, communication, jobs among others. The resounding transformation has been catastrophically felt everywhere around the globe.

Critically discuss the influences from outside accounting which have Essay

Critically discuss the influences from outside accounting which have affected the development of financial reporting in various countries - Essay Example As a point of departure accounting is a product of the environment and all factors attributed to the outside of accounting such as politics, legal framework among others will automatically influence the manner in which the accounting system of a nation operates differently from those of their nations. This brings us to the aspect of political systems. Various nations across the nations embrace diverse types of governance systems which immensely influence the type of accounting systems to be embraced across its borders. For instance, some of the political systems practiced include the multi-party democracy, one-party systems, traditional monarchies, military dictatorships and dominant-party systems (UNITED STATES, 2007). It is imperative to note that, the higher the level of a political system in terms of freedom, the lower the rank of a nation. This immensely influences the standards of the accounting systems that are embraced in a particular nation. For instance, the political syste ms of a nation stand a position of determining the nature of the economic structure a nation embraces hence determining the accounting patterns (TSAMENYI & UDDIN, 2009). Some nations can import or export accounting standards and practices; this brings the discrepancy of the accounting systems embraced by diverse nations. In addition, the element of political freedom of a nation is critical in the development of an accounting and reporting systems guided by the full and fair disclosure principle. In essence, when the populace is not allowed to make independent electoral choices, then the possibility of influencing accountable and transparent governance principles which will enable establishment of an accounting profession or system that is founded on the full and fair disclosure principle is low. Similarly on the side of legal systems, the same case of lack of influence in the formation of these systems defines

The Awakening- Ednas Independence Essay Example for Free

The Awakening- Ednas Independence Essay In Kate Chopin’s The Awakening, Edna Pontellier is a character who is alienated from the rest of society. She carries views which do not coincide with the norm, and in a way establishes her own idea of how women should live and be treated. Not only do her views estrange her from society, but she also physically separates herself from the life she used to live and the Victorian culture into which she was born. During this time, it was expected of a woman to be the perfect picture of a wife and mother, an â€Å"Angel of the House†. Even early on in the novel Edna is shown to be the type of woman that doesn’t fit the bill. While most other mothers, such as Adele Ratignolle, would bend over backwards to take care of their children, Edna is clearly not as much a ‘mother-woman’; her children had learned to be the type to stand up and brush off the dirt rather than run to mommy if they fell down. Her marriage to Leonce was more a social convention than it was a loving relationship, as if she only married because it was the thing to do. This was not an uncommon arrangement, but Edna’s treatment of it was- with little passion and emotional connection in her marriage, she commits emotional adultery finding companionship in the form of Robert Lebrun. Later in rediscovering music and art, she also shirks all responsibility as a wife and mother, ignoring her expected duties in order to concentrate on her painting. This is far from the picture of the perfect Victorian wife. Edna’s physical separation from her old life is symbolic of her opposing views about women and their role in the community. With her husband away and her boys with their grandmother, Edna lives as a single woman. Her choice to remove herself from the life of a mother-woman is contradictory to everything she was taught to do. Her claim of independence is unheard of, and society doesn’t know how to react. In her Victorian culture, women are the belongings of men and have no claims to their own lives, nor have they any means to their own wants and needs; this was the custom everyone had grown up on, the custom everyone was used to. Edna rebels against this belief with her nonconformist decision to live on her own, as her own being, with her own mental and emotional and sexual desires. There is an instance when Edna and Robert are discussing a future together, and Robert notes his wish to free Edna from Leonce, because he is still under the belief that she is an object to be passed from one owner to another. Edna then calls him silly for believing such things, for she is an independent person, whom no one governs but her own self. Edna’s intellectual, emotional, and sexual awakenings, though giving her the independence she craves, isolate her from the rest of society. There is one point in the novel where Edna speaks of walking, how she doesn’t mind walking to get to places farther off and how she feels bad for those women who don’t take the walk because they are missing so much. Edna knows she is the only woman who has taken the walk, taken the chance to discover living outside of societal norms and finding out how freeing it is. As much as she wants someone to join her, in her last ‘awakening’ she realizes no one will- Robert wants to marry her out of convention rather than cross the boundaries and be her lover. Edna realizes she cannot escape the chains of society’s expectations, and she is utterly alone. Edna’s isolation grows as she has more and more revelations about her life and herself. Though starting simply as the odd one out among the mother-women, she becomes the lone rebel across the societal boundaries. Her beliefs about women as independent, intellectual, sexual, and emotional beings contradict the societal views demonstrated along her journey of awakening.

Colonial America Essay -- essays research papers

Religious Freedom in colonial America   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Religion was a very important part of everyday life in colonial America. Sometimes people were not allowed to question what they were taught, and if they did so they were punished accordingly. Before 1700 some colonies had more religious freedom then others. While others colonies only allowed religious freedom to a select group, others allowed religious freedom to all different kinds of religions. In the overall there was quite a bit of religious freedom in colonial America   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First there is the colony or Rhode Island, which was started by a man, named Roger Williams in (1636). It did not become an official colony until (1644) when it then received a charter from Parliament. Williams welcomed every one; he guaranteed religious freedom to everyone even the Catholics and the Jews. Williams also granted religious freedom to the Quakers, even though his own views were very different from those of the Quakers. This was truly the most democratic of all of the colonies. Williams did not demand mandatory attendance at services, or oaths regarding religious beliefs. Rhode Island was truly the first example of religious tolerance and freedom of opportunity. Second there is the colony or Pennsylvania (1681). Pennsylvania was founded by an English man named William Penn. At first, Pennsylvania guaranteed religious freedom to all residents of the colony. Later on however, London started givi...